SMART GRAMMAR #9 LA CONJUGACIÓN DE LOS VERBOS
La conjugación de los verbos -Participio presente
Hola a [email protected]!
Bienvenidos a Smart grammar 9!
Hoy vamos a ver el “Participio presente” y en el “Participio pasado”de los verbos.
Participio presente
Hasta aquí hemos estudiado el tiempo presente y el tiempo pasado.
Ahora estudiaremos otra forma de conjugar de los verbos.
Los verbos pueden tener una “-ing” al final. Muchas veces usamos estos verbos para describir una acción en marcha. Echad un vistazo a estas frases:
–I’m watching Lost al the moment. It’s so adictive!
-My friend was telling me the other day that I ought to see a doctor.
-They are building a new hotel in my street.
-My son is always failing his exams. He never studies!
-I was cooking spaghetti in the kitchen when the phone rang.
-The greenhouse gases are polluting the atmosphere.
-The book I’m reading now is about a girl who leaves her boyfriend for a married man.
-Look at that car over there. He’s driving far too fast!
–I’m meeting someone for lunch.
-Why are you working so hard these days?
Fijaros en cómo los verbos en negrita de estas frases tienen dos cosas en común:
La primera es que todos tienen una “-ing” al final. Estos verbos son llamados “Participio presente”.
La segunda es que todos ellos tienen un verbo auxiliar delante. Este verbo auxiliar siempre es el verbo “to be”.
La conjugación de los verbos – Participio pasado.
Ahora vamos a ver otra forma a través de la cual se conjugan los verbos.
Se llama “Participio pasado”.
Algunas veces es dificil identificar el “Participio pasado” si el verbo es regular.
Echemos un vistazo a estas frases!
-I have watched all four seasons of Lost.
-She has failed all her exams.
-He has cooked many types of food.
-I have worked as a teacher for over twenty years.
-I have travelled all over the world.
-Mant EFL teachers have studied the English language.
-They have walked a long way today.
-We have ignored the problem for far too long now.
-I have begged my girlfriend many times to come back to me.
-Joe has wondered whether there is life on other planets.
Los ejemplos en negrita son todos verbos regulares y aparecen como verbos en su forma pasada, pero no lo son. Son todos verbos en “Participio pasado”.
Hay muchas maneras de diferenciarlos. Aquí tenemos un par:
-El verbo auxiliar “have”, “has” o “had” precede el verbo principal formando así el “Perfect tense”.
Miraremos esta forma más tarde.
-No se refieren a un evento específico en el pasado. Generalmente utilizamos el “Past simple” para decir cosas como: I visited Bob yesterday.
La forma pasada de los verbos regulares tiene una simple “-ed”
Hay pocas excepciones como verbos como “Estudiar” que acaba con “y”, este es reemplazado por una “i”.Otra es la palabra “Travelled” que en el Inglés Británico recoge una “l” extra.
En el siguiente post veremos cuando y como se modifican los verbos regulares.
Identificar el participio pasado es fácil cuando el verbo es irregular. Echad un vistazo a las siguientes frases y fijaros en lo que le sucede al participio cuando el verbo auxiliar “have” o “has” se coloca delante del verbo.
-I have eaten Sushi.
-They have built a new hotel in my street.
-I have driven over the speed limit many times.
-Michael has read many books on the subject of love.
-We have already met our next door neighbour.
-He has been to Vietnam.
-They have run a marathon.
–She’s swum in the Olympics.
-My friend has done many things in her life.
-Joe has set up his own company.
Forma base del verbo Pasado Participio pasado
eat ate (have) eaten
build built (have) built
drive drove (have) driven
read read (have) read
En los verbos irregulares el participio pasado puede ser formado de cuatro maneras:
1)El verbo irregular cambia desde el verbo base al pasado y desde el pasado al participio pasado.
Buenos ejemplos podrían ser los verbos eat, drive, be, swim,do.
2)El verbo irregular al pasado no cambia cuando es participio, por ejemplo los verbos build, meet.
3)El verbo irregular no cambia para nada.Por ejemplo read, set.
4)El verbo irregular cambia desde su base al pasado y conserva su forma pasada para formar el participio pasado, por ejemplo el verbo run.
No ha sido tan dificil verdad?
Espero haberos ayudado,
Nos vemos en el proxímo post!
Smart Academy Staff.
LA CONJUGACIÓN DE LOS VERBOS
ENGLISH VERSION.
Hello everybody!
Welcome to Smart Grammar 9!
Today we are going to focus on the “Present participle” and the “Past participle”.
So far we have looked at the present tense verbs and the past tense verbs. Now we are going to look at other ways that verbs inflect.
Verbs can also have an “-ing” on the end of them. We often use these verbs to describe an ongoing action. Look at the following sentences:
–I’m watching Lost at the moment. It’s so addictive!
-My friend was telling me the other day that I ought to see a doctor.
-They are building a new hotel in my street.
-My son is always failing his exams. He never studies!
-I was cooking spaghetti in the kitchen when the phone rang.
-The greenhouse gases are polluting the atmopsphere.
-The book I’m reading now is about a girl who leaves her boyfriend for a married man.
-Look at that car over there. He’s driving far too fast!
–I’m meeting someone for lunch dinner.
-Why are you working so hard these days?
Notice that the verbs highlighted in these sentences all have two things in common:
The first is that they all have an “-ing” at the end of the verb. These verbs are called the “Present participle”.
The second is that they all have an “Auxiliary verb” in front of them. This auxiliary verb is always the verb “to be”.
Past Participle
Now we are going to look at another way the verbs inflect. This is called the past participle form of the verb.
It is sometimes difficult to identify the past participle form if the verb is regular.
Look at the following sentences:
-I have watched the four seasons of Lost.
-She has failed all her exams.
-He has cooked many types of food.
-I have worked as a teacher for over twenty years.
-I have travelled all over the world.
-Mant EFL teachers have studied the English language.
-They have walked a long way today.
-We have ignored the problem far too long now.
-I have begged my girlfriend many times to come back to me.
-Joe has wondered whether there is life on other planets.
The examples highlighted are all regular verbs and they all look like past tense forms, except they are not. They are “Past participle” forms.
There are many ways to tell them apart. Here are a couple:
-The auxiliary verb have, has or had precedes the main verb making these sentences perfect tenses.
We will look at the perfect tenses later.
-They don’t refer to a specific past event. We usually use the simple past tense to do this, for example: I visited Bob yesterday.
The past tense forms of regular verbs have a simple “-ed” tagged onto the end of them.
There are a few exceptions such as verbs like “study” that ends with a “y”, which is replaced with an “i”. Another one is the word “Travelled” which in British English picks up an extra “l”.
In the next post we will see how and when we modify regular verbs.
It is easier to identify the past participle forms when the verbs we use are irregular. Look at the following sentences and notice what happens to the verb when the auxiliary verb “have” or “has” is placed in front of it:
-I have eaten Sushi.
-They have built a new hotel in my street.
-I have driven over the speed limit many times.
-Michael has read many books on the subject of love.
-We have already met our next door neighbour.
-He has been to Vietnam.
-They have run a marathon.
–She’s swum in the Olympics.
-My friend has done many things in her life.
-Joe has set up his own company.
Base form of the verb Past tense of the verb Past participle
eat ate (have) eaten
build built (have) built
drive drove (have) driven
read read (have) read
With irregular verbs the past participle form can be formed in four different ways:
1) The irregular verb changes from the base form to the past tense than to the past participle form.
Good examples of this would be the verbs eat, drive, be, swim, do.
2) The irregular past tense verb doesn’t change when it becomes a past participle form.
Good examples of this would be the verbs build and meet.
3) The irregular verb doesn’t change at all. Good examples of this would be the verbs read and set.
4) The irregular verb changes from the base form to the past tense and then changes back to its original structure for the past participle form. A good example of this is run.
It hasn’t been so difficult, right?
I hope this has helped you,
See you in the next post!
Smart Academy Staff.
