SMART GRAMMAR #12 MODAL VERBS.
MODAL VERBS.
¡Hola a [email protected]! ¡Bienvenidos a Smart Grammar 12!
Hoy nos centraremos en explicar los verbos modales.
Hay un pequeño conjunto de once verbos que existen en la lengua Inglesa que son distintos a otros verbos. Estos se llaman “Modal Verbs”, o verbos modales.
Y son los siguientes:
- Be able to
- Can
- Could
- Shall
- Should
- Will
- Would
- May
- Might
- Must
- Ought to
- Used to
Estos verbos son diferentes a otros verbos y no podemos decir que sean “versatiles”.
Estas son las principales diferencias:
- No tienen una forma infinitiva. No se puede decir: to can, to could, to would or to used to.
- No tienen una forma pasada. No hay un verbo como: coulded, musted, woulded o oughted to.
- No tienen la forma del gerundio, es decir no se le puede añadir “-ing” así que no pueden nunca ser usados como participio presente.
- No tienen la forma del participio pasado.
- Y por último, tampoco pueden actuar como verbos principales, siempre son verbos auxiliares, es decir tienen que ir acompañado por otro verbo. No se puede decir: “I can the piano” o “I ought to my mother” o “I will my girlfriend”.
Estos verbos son muy útiles y utilizamos la mayoría de ellos todo el tiempo.
A continuación os explico cuando se usa algunos de ellos.
CAN
Si queremos expresar que somos capaces de hacer algo o tenemos una particular habilidad, utilizamos el verbo modal Can. Mirad las siguientes frases y notad como el verbo modal precede al verbo principal:
- I can play the piano.
- I can do cards tricks.
- I can ride a motorbike.
Must
Si queremos dar una orden o un imperativo a menudo utilizamos el verbo “Must”.
De nuevo podeis ver como el verbo modal precede el verbo principal, esto es así con todos:
- You must wash your hands after using the bathroom.
- You must not eat food in the classroom.
- You must come to class on time.
Will
Podemos utilizar “Will” de distintas maneras. Podemos expresar certezas, predicciones, amenazas o promesas solo para mencionar algunas. Estas frases siempre iran en futuro.
- I will be 28 on my next birthday.
- I think it will rain next week.
- I will hit you if you go near my car.
- I will pay you 5$ if you clean my car.
Hay otros verbos en la lengua Inglesa que algunas veces actúan como verbos auxiliares modales. Al igual que los verbos modales estos van seguidos casi siempre por un verbo en forma infinitiva.
Observad las siguientes frases para ver cuales son, como son utilizados y cómo funcionan:
- I dare you to ask the teacher.
- I need to know what is happening next week.
- I have to speak to my teacher about my project today.
“Dare” es algunas veces utilizado como verbo auxiliar con la función de desafiar alguien a hacer algo.
“Need” es algunas veces utilizado como verbo auxiliar con la función de expresar un deseo urgente de hacer o saber acerca de una cosa específica.
“Have” tiene una función similar a la de “Need” y expresa una responsabilidad por parte de la persona que habla.
Estos verbos no son verdaderamente verbos modales por las siguientes razones:
1) Pueden ser utilizados en la forma infinitiva.
- To dare
- To need
- To have
2) Tienen la forma de tiempo pasado.
- I dared him to do it.
- I really needed you yesterday.
- I had a great time last night.
3) Pueden ser utilizados en la forma del participio presente, aunque “Dare” y “Need” no suenan del todo bien.
- I am daring you to do it.
- I am needing some sustenance right now.
- I am having a great time.
4) Pueden ser utilizados en la forma del participio pasado, aunque no suenan del todo bien.
- I have dared you to do it.
- I have needed your help for many years.
- I have had a great time.
5) Pueden a veces aparecer solos, sin otro verbo, si es en un texto o una conversación.
- I dare you.
- I need you.
- I have many things to do.
¡Y por hoy es todo!
¡Hasta la proxima!
Smart Academy Staff.
Smart Grammar 12-English Version- Modal verbs.
Hello to everybody and welcome to Smart Grammar 12!
Today we are going to focus on modal verbs.
There is a small set of eleven verbs that exist in the English language and that are different from other verbs. These are called “Modal verbs”.
Here is a list of the most important ones
- Be able to
- Can
- Could
- Shall
- Should
- Will
- Would
- May
- Might
- Must
- Ought to
- Used to
These verbs are different to other verbs and are not as versatile. Here are the main differences:
- Modal verbs don’t have an infinitive form. We can’t say: to can, to could, to would or to used to.
- They don’t have a past tense. There is no such thing as: coulded, musted,woulded or oughted to.
- They don’t have a gerund form, in other words, they are never followed by “-ing” form so they can never be used as a present participle verb. There is no such thing as: coulding, shalling, maying or oughting to.
- They don’t have a past participle form.
- And lastly, they can’t stand alone as main verbs.They are only used as supporting or auxiliary verbs.There is no such thing as: “I can the piano”, “I ought to my mother” or “I will my girlfriend”.You must have another verb after the modal verb for the structure to make sense.
These verbs are very useful and we use most of them all the time. Here are some examples.
Can
If we want to express that we are able to do something or have a particular skill we use the modal verb can. Look at the following sentences and notice that the modal verb precedes the main verb, this pattern as you can see repeats itself.
- I can play the piano.
- I can do cards tricks.
- I can ride a motorbike.
Must
If we want to give a command or an imperative we often use the modal verb must.
- You must wash your hands after using the bathroom.
- You must not eat food in the classroom.
- You must come to class on time.
Will
We can use will in many different ways. We can express certainties, predictions, threats, or promises to mention just a few. These sentences are always talking about the future.
- I will be 28 on my next birthday.
- I think it will rain next week.
- I will thump you if you go near my car.
- I will pay you 5$ if you clean my car.
There are other verbs in the English language that sometimes act as auxiliary modal verbs. As with the modal verbs they are generally followed by a verb in its infinitive form
Look at the following sentences and see which they are, how they are used and how they function:
- I dare you to ask the teacher.
- I need to know what is happening next week.
- I have to speak to my teacher about my project today.
“Dare” is sometimes used as an auxiliary verb with the function of challenging someone to do something.
“Need” is sometimes used as an auxiliary verb with the function of expressing an urgent desire to do or know about a specific thing.
“Have” has a similar function to “Need” and expresses a responsibility on the part of the speaker.
These verbs are not true modal verbs for the following reasons:
1) They can be used in the infinitive form.
- To dare
- To need
- To have
2) They have past tense forms.
- I dared him to do it.
- I really needed you yesterday.
- I had a great time last night.
3) They can be used as present participle verbs, though “Dare” and “Need” may look and sound wrong.
- I am daring you to do it.
- I am needing some sustenance right now.
- I am having a great time.
4) They can be used as past participle verbs, though “Dare” and “Need” may look and sound wrong.
- I have dared you to do it.
- I have needed your help for many years.
- I have had a great time.
5) They can stand alone as main verbs though with “Dare” and “Need” the context would need to be established.
- I dare you.
- I need you.
- I have many things to do.
And that is everything for today!
See you soon!
Smart Academy Staff.